Two closely related fig species show signatures of hybridization at climatic margins

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Hybridization plays an important role in biological evolution. However, it is not clear under what ecological conditions hybridization may be favored. Assessing hybridization among species pairs that occupy geographically extensive contact ranges may provide a better understanding of when barriers to gene flow are likely to be weakened and, subsequently, where a significant proportion of diversification is likely to occur.

The researchers used a comprehensive latitudinal sampling of closely related tropical Ficus heterostyla and F. squamosa. They aimed to detect patterns of clinal change in interspecific hybridization and introgression.

Using nuclear microsatellites from extensive population sampling across a broad contact range, the researchers examined spatial hybridization signatures. They found that the two closely related dioecious figs, which share an extensive contact range, showed signatures of hybridization only at their climatic edges. Signatures of hybridization increased significantly toward higher latitude climatic margins.

The researchers then examined detailed natural history data surrounding the two focal species and their regional abiotic circumstances.

 

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